Ref: 022701
Introduction.
Information space of Universities of Russia currently has gained a firm regional structure, practically repeating earlier established hierarchy of research and scientifically-methodical schools. As had shown on Russias national and international higher education conferences which were held in 1997 the physics education now based on stereotypes of work on insulated personal computers. The global information networks resources brings a new possibility and technologies to the field of education in physics discipline at the university.
In the presented exploitation through introducing an information providing in the concrete university course, is perfected infrastructure elements of information support in lectures courses, recommended for turning to account at Universities of Russia. Here are not discussed technical and technological aspects of hypermedia providing, but only "initial and border conditions", introduced when making concrete forming general problem of dataware.
Introduction of hypermedia resources in the process of education has put up and required solving four heterogeneous problems:
Reference positions of hypermedia providing for general physics courses.Making a base of information resources first of all oriented to the support and development of physics education level, shaping an information working ambiance, generalizing high achievements in the field of methods of scientific research activity.
Basis of university physics education is a general physics course, which interpretative as a course of experimental physics with the detailed presentation of technology and technics of classical and modern physics experiment, methods of modeling of complex physics processes.
Development of experimental physics pass the evolution from the individual labs of alone-investigators, through exploratory groups at universities, national exploratory centers to global international exploratory consortiums. Each stages is characterized with experimental base, determined by the development level of and division of functions when running the concrete measurements. With such standpoints, global network structure of information support presents by itself a regular stage in development of logic in experimental process governing, technologies of data gathering, analysis and generalizing the experimental results.
Priority of experimental operating stages in processing entering information mortgaged in the hypermedia providing base for general physics courses.
Module structure of lecture hypermedia support.
Building lectures hypermedia support on different sections of general physics course passes on standard sequences "steps" for exploratory functioning.
In past academic year a work on creation by the module an hypermedia support for lectures in general physics was divided into two directions:
Some examples from thematic systematization of hypermedia resources of opening access for lectures cycles of university general physics courses possible to view on URL http://cdlib.phys.msu.su/GenPhys/HM/Main types of new information resources under development on Physics Department at MSU is described in two following sections.
Information base "Physics phenomena".
Development of "first step" information support resources for general physics lecturer cycles was conducted within the framework of following requirements:
All specified requirements satisfies a network version of demonstration physics experiments catalog, created on analogues passed five-year approbation of videocatalog of Physics Department at MSU. Existing at present catalog generalizes more then 300 years experience of stating a demonstration experiment when teaching physics in the Moscow university and is kept more than 4000 different experiences from the level of school course physics before strictly mini-studies, conducted in academic auditoriums with using the whole spectrum of experimental facilities. Unique demonstration equipment, objects of studying, exploratory style of the demonstrations, unusual experimental deciding putted physics tasks remove catalog material for frames traditional academic-methodical material. VideoVersions of Catalog are used in secondary schools, licees and high schools, many institutes and universities of Russia and abroad.Development of network variant of videocatalog and granting it in the mode of free access - a first stage of shaping a base of national system resources of remote support of physics teaching. The catalog of animated demonstration experiment is offered clients in two versions, oriented on accompaniment of lectures and functioning.
In "auditorium" version, base separate module is videofile in the format QT Movie with enclosed to it explanatory textual file. The Built-in explaining text expelled in order to avoid language barriers, saved only technological sounds, accompanying undertaking an experiment. Distinctive size one videofile - from 5 Mb before 20 Mb. Expected that lecturer beforehand copies necessary him kit an and carries out some work in out-line mode.
For "out auditorium" functioning is offered version of directory, oriented on functioning in the mode Out-line. Videofile executed in the format animated GIF - a file with the distinctive size in 150 kb. Given built-in textual explanation of observed physics phenomena in Russian language. Text of explanations does not include some analytical transformations and serves only for orientation of lecturer in the searching more detailed information on the observed phenomena. Demonstrations are available at http://cdlib.phys.msu.su/GenPhys/Anidemos/
Experimental remote access systems.
Development and undertaking the experimental measurements in the mode On-line, ensuring "third" and "seventh" steps in hypermedia support - the most labor-consuming information resource element. For this reason on initial stage of the choice of scenarios of interactive experiments, was an accepted decision on maximum unifications of mode of experimental data gathering for as possible broader class quantitative under investigation on lectures of physics processes.
Practically, the whole circle of physics phenomena, considered in the general physics courses, possible divide into four classes:
Demonstrative presentation of registering signal for specified four classes of physics processes possible to realize by means of following heels by the program module, passed to a present day an approbation both in the academic demonstration experiment, and in the measurements devices in exploratory laboratories.At present hardware and software marketed experiments on the analysis of statistical parameters of physics signals, registrations of temporary rows with remote control of physical system parameters.
Making the educational experimental measurement systems with interactive remote control elements is oriented first of all on the familiarization of students with bases of technology and technicians of modern physics experimental investigations, principles of development of drivers for interfaces of data gathering and parametric control, structure of PERL-scripts, servicing "client-server" dialogue.
A demonstration of interactive experimental system is available at http://calibr.phys.msu.su
Program-minimum for users of hypermedia support system.
Orientation in the flow of exhibits at a rate of the users expects a possession by main notions of network technologies, skills of control in the mode of interactive functioning. The most part of employees, leading teaching the university courses, in the practical person of its professional exploratory activity use only narrow area of existing technologies of network functioning. Below brought program 20-hour, defining minimum of lecturer or assistant of lecturer, preparing to use on lectures of system an hypermedia support:
The full version program and texts of lectures is available at http://gateway.phys.msu.su/HM/lections97/
Ensuring a development of hypermedia system.
Opened hypermedia system stipulates an unceasing improvement of existing database and new element development. Consequently, second stage, after strictly "start" systems in the usage, it is necessary to consider a training of developers of resources. Under the development of resources in this instance we understand not only programs working the information module, but a development of all functional global information infrastructure (GII) levels coming from tasks of classical university formation.
Training in the considered context has sense additional to main education. For a present day this task dares within the framework of the educational program "High Computer School" at MSU. High Computer School presents an independent subdivision under Department of Computing Mathematics and Cybernetics, in which can enter a student from any department at MSU, passed qualified testing. Academic cycle is consists in two years (four semesters). The special disciplines programs and Out-line lecture courses are available at http://cdlib.phys.msu.su/HCS/Network/
Information project of "General Physics Council Universities of Russia".
General Physics Council (GPC) Universities of Russia unites physics departments from 42 classical universities. Primary task of GPC - a coordination scientifically-methodical investigations and information providing of teaching and learning in general physics discipline. Functioning an GPC is built on the regional principle with the highlighting of leading university in concrete region center. Once per annum pass sessions of GPC, to which are invited heads of general physics divisions of all universities of Russia, once at two year are organized scientifically-methodical conferences "University general physics course: modern problems".
Practical realization of information exchange gets through WWW server GPC universities of Russia. Below enumerated information blocks of server:
When creating a server, was expected that mainstream of requests will accounts for information-organizing material. However, after set up a module "Sites for schoolboys, schoolgirls and students of secondary schools", 80% requests is moved to material concerning to undergraduate level of physics education and using an interactive form of consultations.Comparatively high activity addressing to the server of schoolboys and students of different universities has provided in a present time to the revising of priorities of sharing the resources with displacing an accent with information-organizing questions to the development of remote educating elements and testing with all approving elements hypermedia - structures. The server addresse is http://gateway.phys.msu.su
Conclusion.
As a result of the annual "exploitation" information support system in general physics lecture courses is perfected all base its infrastructure elements:
Output of all described infrastructure elements in the common access for universities of Russia through the system WWW - servers will ensure a coordinated development and usage of network resources in all variety their potential.
Copyright EUNIS 1997 Y.E.